Anglicanism is the system of doctrine and approach to "polity," or experience, of Christians in communion with the See of Canterbury. The term derives from the word that, in a variety of forms, refers to the people of the British Isles, and especially the English. Anglicanism reflects the balance and compromise of the "via media," or middle way, of the Elizabethan settlement between Protestant and Catholic principles. Anglicanism also reflects balance in its devotion to scripture, tradition, and reason as sources of authority. The "via media" of Anglicanism is expressed frequently in terms of a "golden mean" between extreme positions on either side of various issues. Anglicanism is both traditional and dynamic in the discovery of new expressions. It retains the ancient authorities of scripture and tradition. It also allows for development of new understandings of Christian faith and practice in continuity with the historical church.
Until the 20th century, Anglicanism was largely defined in terms of its English origins and preservation of the language and customs of English-speaking peoples. At the end of the 19th century, however, Anglicanism began to take on a new identity. The national churches that derived from the Church of England became more conscious of their own identity while remaining in communion with the See of Canterbury. They also retained a common Anglican theological and ecclesial identity. Anglicanism is now a worldwide family of churches that share a common theological heritage and polity.
