{"id":3491692,"date":"2026-09-30T17:57:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T21:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/?post_type=glossary&#038;p=3491692"},"modified":"2026-09-30T17:57:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T21:57:02","slug":"race-related-and-ethnic-references","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/glossary\/race-related-and-ethnic-references\/","title":{"rendered":"RACE-RELATED AND ETHNIC REFERENCES"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the AP Stylebook notes, writing about race-related issues \u201ccalls for thoughtful consideration, precise language, and discussions with others of diverse backgrounds whenever possible\u201d about \u201cwhat language is most appropriate, accurate and fair.\u201d Seek to avoid broad labels and generalizations\u2014remember that \u201crace and ethnicity are one part of a person\u2019s identity,\u201d and be aware that certain words or phrases can have negative connotations to some people and not to others.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As noted in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/digitalarchives.episcopalarchives.org\/cgi-bin\/acts\/acts_resolution-complete.pl?resolution=2022-A131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this 2022 General Convention resolution<\/a>, \u201cWhen referring to a smaller group of people that share a historical, cultural, or ethnic identity, we commit to using the specific terms and names that those groups have widely embraced for themselves in our documents and church communications.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Defining race and ethnicity:<\/strong>&nbsp;Race is understood as a social construct in which people are grouped according to common biological or physical traits. Ethnicity refers to a person\u2019s shared culture or heritage, distinguished by language, customs, practices, etc.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLEASE NOTE: The guidance provided below closely follows that of the AP Stylebook, widely used by journalists and writers. In some cases, The Episcopal Church\u2019s ethnic missioners, who work closely and daily with Episcopalians of various races and ethnicities, offer additional insights and\/or preferences on terminology they encounter in their work and ministry. We will include those notes in&nbsp;blue&nbsp;in the entries below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>African American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for Black people who live in the U.S., though the terms \u201cBlack\u201d and \u201cAfrican American\u201d are not always interchangeable. (Black Americans of Caribbean heritage often refer to themselves as Caribbean American, for instance.) When possible, ask someone how they would like to be identified, and be specific when relevant.\u00a0<em>The keynote speaker is Senegalese American. Many Somali Americans live in Minnesota.<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church Office of African Descent Ministries prefers the terminology \u201cpeople\/person of African descent\u201d to refer to all those born on the continent of Africa and of the African diaspora.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>America \/ American(s):\u00a0<\/strong>As a guiding principle, be sensitive to context when using these terms.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Given the multinational reality of The Episcopal Church, which includes dioceses in Central America, Latin America, and South America, we recommend using \u201cthe U.S.,\u201d \u201cthe United States,\u201d or \u201cU.S. citizens,\u201d instead of \u201cAmerica\u201d or \u201cAmericans,\u201d in references to the United States of America (USA).\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>American Indians \/ Native Americans:\u00a0<\/strong>Acceptable terms to refer to U.S. groups (two or more people) with different tribal affiliations.\u00a0<em>Natives<\/em>\u00a0acceptable on second reference.\u00a0<strong>When referring to an individual, use the name of a tribe whenever possible.<\/strong><em>The speaker is a member of the Seminole Tribe of Florida. She is a citizen of the Cherokee Nation.\u00a0See also\u00a0<\/em>Indian\u00a0below.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Alaska Natives:\u00a0<\/strong>Term for the collective Indigenous groups in Alaska.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>First Nation:<\/strong>\u00a0Preferred term for native tribes in Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Native Hawaiian:<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Term for members of the ethnic group indigenous to the Hawaiian Islands.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Indigenous<\/strong>:\u00a0Capitalize; refers to original inhabitants of a place.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>See also<\/em>\u00a0Indigenous\u00a0below<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tribe:\u00a0<\/strong>Capitalize when part of a formal name.\u00a0<em>The Apache Tribe of Oklahoma.<br><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>anti-Asian sentiment:<\/strong>\u00a0Avoid this vague euphemism and seek to be specific about what occurred, such as \u201canti-Asian hate crime.\u201d Alternative phrases include \u201canti-Asian bias,\u201d \u201canti-Asian racism,\u201d and \u201canti-Asian violence,\u201d among others.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>anti-racism:<\/strong>\u00a0Hyphenate.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>antisemitism:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen; lowercase \u201cS.\u201d These are unified terms referring to prejudice or discrimination against Jews<em>.\u00a0See also<\/em>\u00a0AP Stylebook\u2019s entry on \u201cantisemitism\u201d; International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.holocaustremembrance.com\/antisemitism\/spelling-antisemitism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cSpelling of antisemitism\u201d<\/a><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Arab American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for an American of Arab descent; when possible, include a person\u2019s original country:\u00a0<em>Egyptian American, Lebanese American<\/em>.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Asian American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for an American of Asian descent; when possible, include a person\u2019s original country:\u00a0<em>Filipino American, Japanese American<\/em>. Avoid using Asian\u2014which is used to describe people from Asia\u2014as shorthand for Asian American when possible.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Asiamerica Ministries uses \u201cAsian\u201d for those born in Asia (first generation); and \u201cAsian American\u201d for those born in the U.S. They also emphasize using a person\u2019s individual country whenever possible.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders:<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Though the acronym AAPI is widely used by people within these communities, it should be spelled out on first reference, unless in a direct quotation or name of an organization or movement.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Black (adj.):<\/strong>\u00a0Capitalize in racial, ethnic, or cultural references and use as an adjective:\u00a0<em>Black people, Black colleges, Black literature<\/em>. Do not use Black as a singular or plural noun.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s African Descent Ministries prefers to use \u201cpeople\/person of African descent\u201d to refer to all those born on the continent of Africa and of the African diaspora.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Brown (adj.):<\/strong>\u00a0Avoid this imprecise term in cultural, ethnic, or racial references unless in a direct quotation (in which case, capitalize). Interpretations of what the term includes vary widely. (<em>Note:<\/em>\u00a0This follows Associated Press guidance; the Black and Hispanic journalists\u2019 national associations indicate Brown is acceptable as a cultural designation.)\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hispanic:<\/strong>\u00a0Often used as an \u201cumbrella term\u201d describing people who are from a Spanish-speaking country or ancestry. AP guidance is that \u201cHispanic\u201d is acceptable to refer to those in the U.S. who are from a Spanish-speaking culture or from Latin America. Whenever possible, be more specific:\u00a0<em>Mexican American, Puerto Rican<\/em>.\u00a0<em>See also<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/glossary\/latinos-m-or-collective-latinas-f\/\" data-type=\"glossary\" data-id=\"3473795\">Latino(s), Latina(s), Latinx<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Latino Ministries Office prefers\u00a0<em>Latino<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em>Latino American<\/em>\u00a0to\u00a0<em>Hispanic<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Indian:<\/strong>\u00a0Use only to refer to people from India; do not use as shorthand for American Indian.\u00a0<em>Indian<\/em>\u00a0is acceptable as part of a proper name, such as\u00a0<em>Indian Country,\u00a0<\/em>or<em>\u00a0the Metlakatla Indian Community in Alaska.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Indigenous:\u00a0<\/strong>Capitalize; refers to original inhabitants of a place.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>Indigenous people from multiple countries joined the celebration; Indigenous Peoples Day is a holiday celebrating the original inhabitants of North America. The Episcopal Church is examining its history with Indigenous boarding schools.\u00a0<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Indigenous Ministries Office uses \u201cIndigenous\u201d as referred to by the United Nations to describe people colonized by another nation, not just original inhabitants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Latino(s) (m. or collective) \/ Latina(s) (f.):\u00a0<\/strong>Noun or adjective for those whose ancestors were from a Spanish-speaking culture or from Latin America (where Spanish, Portuguese, and English\u2014among other languages\u2014are spoken). Preferred over \u201cHispanic.\u201d When possible, be more specific:<em>\u00a0Puerto Rican, Mexican American, Cuban.\u00a0See also<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/glossary\/hispanic\/\" data-type=\"glossary\" data-id=\"3473785\">Hispanic<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Latinx:<\/strong>\u00a0Some prefer this gender-neutral term instead of Latinos (collective); current AP guidance says to use it only in quotations, organization names, or if an individual requests it. The National Association of Hispanic Journalists notes that \u201cfor those who identify with two or more Latin American cultural or racial identities, Latinx is a term that is all-inclusive.\u201d\u00a0<em>See also<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/nahj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/NAHJ-Cultural-Compliance-Handbook-Revised-12-20-2.pdf\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nahj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/NAHJ-Cultural-Compliance-Handbook-Revised-12-20-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cultural Competency Handbook, p. 7<\/a>\u00a0(National Association of Hispanic Journalists)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Office of Latino Ministries prefers not to use Latinx, though it acknowledges that some within its ministry sphere do use the term. It also notes that\u00a0<em>Latine<\/em>\u00a0is seeing more usage as a gender-neutral form of Latino.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>minority (adj.) \/ minorities:\u00a0<\/strong>Seek to avoid these imprecise terms. If referencing groups that historically have been (and some continue to be) denied access to mainstream cultural, economic, social, and political participation, options include \u201chistorically marginalized communities\u201d or \u201cmarginalized groups.\u201d Be specific about the race(s) or group(s) being referred to whenever possible.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>multicultural:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>multiethnic:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>multiracial:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>people of color:<\/strong>\u00a0Lowercase and spell out. Avoid the acronym POC (also BIPOC and BAME) unless used in a direct quote. When possible, be specific about race.\u00a0<em>The poll showed that Latino and Black Americans have felt the most financial impact from the pandemic<\/em>, not\u00a0<em>The poll showed that people of color have felt the most financial impact from the pandemic.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>slaves \/ enslaved people:\u00a0<\/strong>Both terms are acceptable. Many prefer the term\u00a0<em>enslaved person\/people<\/em>\u00a0to separate identity from circumstances; some prefer\u00a0<em>slave<\/em>\u00a0to emphasize the circumstances. When possible, determine an individual\u2019s preference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>White \/ white (adj):<\/strong>\u00a0Uppercase and use as an adjective, not noun, to describe race:\u00a0<em>The study showed that White participants found the curriculum extremely helpful.<\/em>\u00a0Lowercase when referencing racist actions or terms:\u00a0<em>white supremacy, white supremacists.\u00a0<\/em>(<em>Note:<\/em>\u00a0The uppercase guidance follows that of the national associations of Black and Hispanic journalists but not current AP style.)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Explanatory note:<\/em>\u00a0Our decision to capitalize \u201cWhite\u201d in race descriptions seeks to reinforce The Episcopal Church\u2019s efforts to encourage people of every racial background to claim and understand their own racial identity, and also to acknowledge that people of every race have a stake and a role in the work of racial reconciliation and healing.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As the AP Stylebook notes, writing about race-related issues \u201ccalls for thoughtful consideration, precise language, and discussions with others of diverse backgrounds whenever possible\u201d about \u201cwhat language is most appropriate, accurate and fair.\u201d Seek to avoid broad labels and generalizations\u2014remember that \u201crace and ethnicity are one part of a person\u2019s identity,\u201d and be aware that&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"glossary-categories":[1976],"glossary-tags":[],"glossary-languages":[],"class_list":["post-3491692","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","glossary-categories-writing-style-guide"],"post_title":"RACE-RELATED AND ETHNIC REFERENCES","post_content":"<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>As the AP Stylebook notes, writing about race-related issues \u201ccalls for thoughtful consideration, precise language, and discussions with others of diverse backgrounds whenever possible\u201d about \u201cwhat language is most appropriate, accurate and fair.\u201d Seek to avoid broad labels and generalizations\u2014remember that \u201crace and ethnicity are one part of a person\u2019s identity,\u201d and be aware that certain words or phrases can have negative connotations to some people and not to others.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>As noted in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/digitalarchives.episcopalarchives.org\/cgi-bin\/acts\/acts_resolution-complete.pl?resolution=2022-A131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this 2022 General Convention resolution<\/a>, \u201cWhen referring to a smaller group of people that share a historical, cultural, or ethnic identity, we commit to using the specific terms and names that those groups have widely embraced for themselves in our documents and church communications.\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>Defining race and ethnicity:<\/strong>&nbsp;Race is understood as a social construct in which people are grouped according to common biological or physical traits. Ethnicity refers to a person\u2019s shared culture or heritage, distinguished by language, customs, practices, etc.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>PLEASE NOTE: The guidance provided below closely follows that of the AP Stylebook, widely used by journalists and writers. In some cases, The Episcopal Church\u2019s ethnic missioners, who work closely and daily with Episcopalians of various races and ethnicities, offer additional insights and\/or preferences on terminology they encounter in their work and ministry. We will include those notes in&nbsp;blue&nbsp;in the entries below.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>African American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for Black people who live in the U.S., though the terms \u201cBlack\u201d and \u201cAfrican American\u201d are not always interchangeable. (Black Americans of Caribbean heritage often refer to themselves as Caribbean American, for instance.) When possible, ask someone how they would like to be identified, and be specific when relevant.\u00a0<em>The keynote speaker is Senegalese American. Many Somali Americans live in Minnesota.<\/em><!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church Office of African Descent Ministries prefers the terminology \u201cpeople\/person of African descent\u201d to refer to all those born on the continent of Africa and of the African diaspora.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>America \/ American(s):\u00a0<\/strong>As a guiding principle, be sensitive to context when using these terms.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Given the multinational reality of The Episcopal Church, which includes dioceses in Central America, Latin America, and South America, we recommend using \u201cthe U.S.,\u201d \u201cthe United States,\u201d or \u201cU.S. citizens,\u201d instead of \u201cAmerica\u201d or \u201cAmericans,\u201d in references to the United States of America (USA).\u00a0<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>American Indians \/ Native Americans:\u00a0<\/strong>Acceptable terms to refer to U.S. groups (two or more people) with different tribal affiliations.\u00a0<em>Natives<\/em>\u00a0acceptable on second reference.\u00a0<strong>When referring to an individual, use the name of a tribe whenever possible.<\/strong><em>The speaker is a member of the Seminole Tribe of Florida. She is a citizen of the Cherokee Nation.\u00a0See also\u00a0<\/em>Indian\u00a0below.<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Alaska Natives:\u00a0<\/strong>Term for the collective Indigenous groups in Alaska.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>First Nation:<\/strong>\u00a0Preferred term for native tribes in Canada.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Native Hawaiian:<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Term for members of the ethnic group indigenous to the Hawaiian Islands.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Indigenous<\/strong>:\u00a0Capitalize; refers to original inhabitants of a place.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>See also<\/em>\u00a0Indigenous\u00a0below<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Tribe:\u00a0<\/strong>Capitalize when part of a formal name.\u00a0<em>The Apache Tribe of Oklahoma.<br><\/em><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>anti-Asian sentiment:<\/strong>\u00a0Avoid this vague euphemism and seek to be specific about what occurred, such as \u201canti-Asian hate crime.\u201d Alternative phrases include \u201canti-Asian bias,\u201d \u201canti-Asian racism,\u201d and \u201canti-Asian violence,\u201d among others.<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>anti-racism:<\/strong>\u00a0Hyphenate.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>antisemitism:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen; lowercase \u201cS.\u201d These are unified terms referring to prejudice or discrimination against Jews<em>.\u00a0See also<\/em>\u00a0AP Stylebook\u2019s entry on \u201cantisemitism\u201d; International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.holocaustremembrance.com\/antisemitism\/spelling-antisemitism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cSpelling of antisemitism\u201d<\/a><br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Arab American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for an American of Arab descent; when possible, include a person\u2019s original country:\u00a0<em>Egyptian American, Lebanese American<\/em>.<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Asian American:<\/strong>\u00a0No hyphen. Acceptable for an American of Asian descent; when possible, include a person\u2019s original country:\u00a0<em>Filipino American, Japanese American<\/em>. Avoid using Asian\u2014which is used to describe people from Asia\u2014as shorthand for Asian American when possible.<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Asiamerica Ministries uses \u201cAsian\u201d for those born in Asia (first generation); and \u201cAsian American\u201d for those born in the U.S. They also emphasize using a person\u2019s individual country whenever possible.<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders:<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Though the acronym AAPI is widely used by people within these communities, it should be spelled out on first reference, unless in a direct quotation or name of an organization or movement.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Black (adj.):<\/strong>\u00a0Capitalize in racial, ethnic, or cultural references and use as an adjective:\u00a0<em>Black people, Black colleges, Black literature<\/em>. Do not use Black as a singular or plural noun.<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s African Descent Ministries prefers to use \u201cpeople\/person of African descent\u201d to refer to all those born on the continent of Africa and of the African diaspora.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Brown (adj.):<\/strong>\u00a0Avoid this imprecise term in cultural, ethnic, or racial references unless in a direct quotation (in which case, capitalize). Interpretations of what the term includes vary widely. (<em>Note:<\/em>\u00a0This follows Associated Press guidance; the Black and Hispanic journalists\u2019 national associations indicate Brown is acceptable as a cultural designation.)\u00a0<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Hispanic:<\/strong>\u00a0Often used as an \u201cumbrella term\u201d describing people who are from a Spanish-speaking country or ancestry. AP guidance is that \u201cHispanic\u201d is acceptable to refer to those in the U.S. who are from a Spanish-speaking culture or from Latin America. Whenever possible, be more specific:\u00a0<em>Mexican American, Puerto Rican<\/em>.\u00a0<em>See also<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/glossary\/latinos-m-or-collective-latinas-f\/\" data-type=\"glossary\" data-id=\"3473795\">Latino(s), Latina(s), Latinx<\/a><!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Latino Ministries Office prefers\u00a0<em>Latino<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em>Latino American<\/em>\u00a0to\u00a0<em>Hispanic<\/em>.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Indian:<\/strong>\u00a0Use only to refer to people from India; do not use as shorthand for American Indian.\u00a0<em>Indian<\/em>\u00a0is acceptable as part of a proper name, such as\u00a0<em>Indian Country,\u00a0<\/em>or<em>\u00a0the Metlakatla Indian Community in Alaska.<\/em><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Indigenous:\u00a0<\/strong>Capitalize; refers to original inhabitants of a place.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>Indigenous people from multiple countries joined the celebration; Indigenous Peoples Day is a holiday celebrating the original inhabitants of North America. The Episcopal Church is examining its history with Indigenous boarding schools.\u00a0<\/em><!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Indigenous Ministries Office uses \u201cIndigenous\u201d as referred to by the United Nations to describe people colonized by another nation, not just original inhabitants.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Latino(s) (m. or collective) \/ Latina(s) (f.):\u00a0<\/strong>Noun or adjective for those whose ancestors were from a Spanish-speaking culture or from Latin America (where Spanish, Portuguese, and English\u2014among other languages\u2014are spoken). Preferred over \u201cHispanic.\u201d When possible, be more specific:<em>\u00a0Puerto Rican, Mexican American, Cuban.\u00a0See also<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/glossary\/hispanic\/\" data-type=\"glossary\" data-id=\"3473785\">Hispanic<\/a><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>Latinx:<\/strong>\u00a0Some prefer this gender-neutral term instead of Latinos (collective); current AP guidance says to use it only in quotations, organization names, or if an individual requests it. The National Association of Hispanic Journalists notes that \u201cfor those who identify with two or more Latin American cultural or racial identities, Latinx is a term that is all-inclusive.\u201d\u00a0<em>See also<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/nahj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/NAHJ-Cultural-Compliance-Handbook-Revised-12-20-2.pdf\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nahj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/NAHJ-Cultural-Compliance-Handbook-Revised-12-20-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cultural Competency Handbook, p. 7<\/a>\u00a0(National Association of Hispanic Journalists)<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The Episcopal Church\u2019s Office of Latino Ministries prefers not to use Latinx, though it acknowledges that some within its ministry sphere do use the term. It also notes that\u00a0<em>Latine<\/em>\u00a0is seeing more usage as a gender-neutral form of Latino.\u00a0<br><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>minority (adj.) \/ minorities:\u00a0<\/strong>Seek to avoid these imprecise terms. If referencing groups that historically have been (and some continue to be) denied access to mainstream cultural, economic, social, and political participation, options include \u201chistorically marginalized communities\u201d or \u201cmarginalized groups.\u201d Be specific about the race(s) or group(s) being referred to whenever possible.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>multicultural:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>multiethnic:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>multiracial:\u00a0<\/strong>One word, no hyphen.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>people of color:<\/strong>\u00a0Lowercase and spell out. Avoid the acronym POC (also BIPOC and BAME) unless used in a direct quote. When possible, be specific about race.\u00a0<em>The poll showed that Latino and Black Americans have felt the most financial impact from the pandemic<\/em>, not\u00a0<em>The poll showed that people of color have felt the most financial impact from the pandemic.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>slaves \/ enslaved people:\u00a0<\/strong>Both terms are acceptable. Many prefer the term\u00a0<em>enslaved person\/people<\/em>\u00a0to separate identity from circumstances; some prefer\u00a0<em>slave<\/em>\u00a0to emphasize the circumstances. When possible, determine an individual\u2019s preference.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>White \/ white (adj):<\/strong>\u00a0Uppercase and use as an adjective, not noun, to describe race:\u00a0<em>The study showed that White participants found the curriculum extremely helpful.<\/em>\u00a0Lowercase when referencing racist actions or terms:\u00a0<em>white supremacy, white supremacists.\u00a0<\/em>(<em>Note:<\/em>\u00a0The uppercase guidance follows that of the national associations of Black and Hispanic journalists but not current AP style.)<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><em>Explanatory note:<\/em>\u00a0Our decision to capitalize \u201cWhite\u201d in race descriptions seeks to reinforce The Episcopal Church\u2019s efforts to encourage people of every racial background to claim and understand their own racial identity, and also to acknowledge that people of every race have a stake and a role in the work of racial reconciliation and healing.\u00a0<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list --><\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->","acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"glossary-categories":[{"value":1976,"label":"Writing Style Guide"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"srands","author_link":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/author\/srands\/"},"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/3491692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/3491692\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3491693,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/3491692\/revisions\/3491693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3491692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-categories?post=3491692"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-tags?post=3491692"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.episcopalchurch.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-languages?post=3491692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}